TMS Therapy for Depression: How Does It Work?

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Therapy, or TMS therapy, is an FDA approved treatment for depression that uses magnetic pulses to stimulate certain parts of the brain which are linked to depression and other kinds of mood disorders. Because it is non-invasive and non-pharmacological, TMS offers an alternative for patients whose depression has not improved with other types of antidepressant treatments. These traditional antidepressant treatments, such as antidepressant medications and alternative methods of depression treatments are not for everyone and can affect everyone in a different way.

Depression

Depression has been called the "common cold" of mental health. An estimated 50 million Americans experience symptoms of depression, with consequences in all areas of life. Although a number of antidepressant medications are available, not all depression sufferers respond to these treatments. Because it acts directly on the brain itself, TMS therapy can target specific areas related to mood and energy while bypassing the side effects of typical antidepressant medications, such as weight gain, memory loss, low libido, insomnia, and dry mouth. TMS specifically targets the problem area, whereas general antidepressant medications come with more side effects.

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Therapy

During Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Therapy, rhythmic, repetitive magnetic pulses are directed to the brain, usually in the prefrontal cortex. These pulses stimulate nerve cells in that area, regulating the firing of mood-regulating neurons that may be under-active causing depression.

TMS therapy benefits most people with chronic depression, not just those who fail to respond to antidepressants. Outcomes of TMS therapy include improved mood, greater energy, and a more positive outlook. TMS is an excellent alternative to electro convulsive therapy (ECT), as it is non-invasive and does not cause memory loss.

TMS treatment sessions typically last less than an hour. TMS therapists recommend a course of five sessions per week for four to six weeks for maximum improvement.

The US Food and Drug Administration has approved the use of TMS therapy for use primarily in treating depression in adults whose condition did not improve after the use of one prior antidepressant. TMS is safe, but those with implanted medical devices near the head, such as pacemakers, stents and shunts, may not be candidates for TMS therapy.

TMS has few side effects. Some patients report a mild headache or scalp irritation and tenderness. It requires no sedation, no muscle relaxants, and no anesthesia. Performed at specialized centers and clinics, TMS therapy uses magnetic energy to offer another powerful weapon in the fight against depression.